Technology Question and Answers

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Which company created the most used networking software in the 1980’s?

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The company that created the most widely used networking software in the 1980s was Microsoft.

During this time, Microsoft developed and popularized NetBEUI (NetBIOS Extended User Interface) and LAN Manager, which were critical components of networking for local area networks (LANs) on Windows-based computers.

Additionally, Novellwas a significant player in the 1980s with its NetWare networking software, which became one of the dominant networking systems for businesses during that time. However, Microsoft’s software had a broader influence in the 1980s, especially with the rise of personal computers.

So, while Novell NetWare was widely used in businesses, Microsoft’s networking software had a broader adoption in personal computing environments.

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Which of the following operating systems is produced by IBM?

IBM produces several operating systems. Some of the most notable operating systems produced by IBM include:

1. IBM AIX (Advanced Interactive eXecutive) – A Unix-based operating system designed for IBM’s Power Systems servers.
2. IBM z/OS – A mainframe operating system for IBM’s zSeries (mainframe) computers.
3. IBM i (formerly known as OS/400) – An operating system for IBM’s midrange computers, specifically the IBM Power Systems.

 

What is a GPU?

A GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is a specialized processor primarily designed to accelerate the rendering of images, videos, and animations. It is used to handle the complex computations required for graphics processing, making it essential for tasks like gaming, video editing, and 3D rendering.

While a CPU (Central Processing Unit) is designed to handle general-purpose computing tasks, a GPU is optimized for parallel processing, meaning it can perform many calculations simultaneously. This makes it particularly well-suited for tasks involving large amounts of data that can be processed in parallel, such as graphics rendering, machine learning, and scientific computations.

In modern computing, GPUs are also used for tasks beyond graphics, such as running artificial intelligence algorithms, due to their ability to handle large datasets efficiently.

What does DOCSIS stand for?

DOCSIS stands for Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification.

It is a telecommunications standard used to provide high-speed internet access over cable television (TV) systems. DOCSIS defines how data is transmitted over coaxial cable networks, enabling services like broadband internet, video streaming, and voice over IP (VoIP) to be delivered through the same infrastructure used for cable TV. The standard has evolved over time, with newer versions offering faster speeds and more advanced features.

Which one of the following is a search engine?

A search engine is a software tool designed to search for information on the internet based on user queries. Examples of popular search engines include:

• Google
• Bing
• Yahoo!
• DuckDuckGo

Which is the best search tool for finding Web sites that have been
handpicked and recommended by someone else?

The best search tool for finding websites that have been handpicked and recommended by someone else is Dmoz (also known as the Open Directory Project).

Dmoz was a directory of websites organized by categories and maintained by a global community of volunteer editors. Websites listed on Dmoz were hand-selected and reviewed for quality and relevance, making it a valuable resource for discovering recommended websites. However, Dmoz was officially closed in 2017.

In its place, you can explore curated platforms such as:

• Reddit – A social platform where users recommend and share websites through posts and discussions in various specialized communities (subreddits).
• StumbleUpon (now known as Mix) – A discovery engine that recommends web pages based on user preferences and past activities, curating content from a community of users.
• Pocket – A service that allows users to save and recommend interesting articles and websites for later viewing.

These platforms can help you discover handpicked websites based on recommendations from other users.

What is LCP?

1. • LCP stands for Link Control Protocol. It is used in the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) to establish, configure, and test data links between devices. LCP helps manage the communication parameters for a connection.
     

     What is VCM?

     • VCM stands for Virtual Circuit Multiplexer. It is a device used in networking to combine multiple virtual circuits into a single communication link, often used in older networking technologies like Frame Relay or ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode). It can also refer to Variable Control Management in different contexts.
       

       What does the abbreviation “http” stand for?

       • HTTP stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol. It is the protocol used for transmitting hypertext (such as webpages) over the web. It defines how messages are formatted and transmitted between web servers and browsers.
         

         ARPANET, the precursor to the Internet, was developed by:

         • ARPANET was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense (specifically the DARPA – Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) in the late 1960s. It was the first network to implement the protocol suite TCP/IP, which later became the foundation of the modern Internet.
           

           What is a spider?

           • A spider, also known as a web crawler or bot, is an automated program used by search engines to browse the web and index webpages. It systematically scans the web, collects information, and updates search engine databases.
             

             Which of the following is not a part of the Internet?

             • You didn’t provide specific options, but typically, non-internet components could include things like:
               • Intranet (a private network within an organization)
               • Local Area Network (LAN) (a network confined to a small geographic area, like a home or office)
               • Offline services or devices not connected to the web.

1. What is the website’s code for the country Mongolia?
   • The website code (country code top-level domain or ccTLD) for Mongolia is .mn.
2. What was the clock speed of the original IBM PC?
   • The clock speed of the original IBM PC (introduced in 1981) was 4.77 MHz.
3. What is NAT?
   • NAT stands for Network Address Translation. It is a method used in networking to remap one IP address space into another, typically used to allow multiple devices on a local network to share a single public IP address.
4. What is not always necessary for accessing the Web?
   • A specific operating system (such as Windows or Mac OS) is not always necessary for accessing the web. Devices like smartphones or Linux-based systems can also access the web.
5. On what date was the debut of the first IBM Personal Computer?
   • The first IBM Personal Computer (IBM PC) debuted on August 12, 1981.
6. A computer virus that actively attacks an anti-virus program or programs in an effort to prevent detection is…
   • This type of virus is called a “mutating virus” or “anti-virus killer”.
7. What is the website’s code for the country Spain?
   • The website code for Spain is .es.
8. The first web server was built in:
   • The first web server was built in 1989-1990 by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research).
9. In what year did the Symantec Corporation first release Norton Antivirus?
   • Symantec first released Norton Antivirus in 1991.
10. The IBM PC-XT was the first to include a hard drive. What was the capacity of this disk?
    • The IBM PC-XT’s hard drive had a capacity of 10 MB.
11. What is the website’s code for the country Colombia?
    • The website code for Colombia is .co.
12. Which of the following word processors came first?
    • Please provide the list of word processors to compare, and I can identify which one came first.
13. The invention of the transistor, or semiconductor, was one of the most important developments leading to the personal computer revolution. What company invented the transistor in 1947?
    • The transistor was invented by Bell Labs (part of AT&T) in 1947.
14. What is TTL?
    • TTL stands for Time To Live. It is a field in an IP packet that specifies the lifetime or hop limit for a packet on a network. Once the TTL reaches zero, the packet is discarded.

    • 

15. What is the website’s code for the country Bulgaria?
    • The website code for Bulgaria is .bg.
16. What does PPTP stand for?
    • PPTP stands for Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol, which is a method used for implementing virtual private networks (VPNs).
17. According to CNN, how much did Internet traffic increase between 1994 and 1996?
    • Internet traffic increased 200% between 1994 and 1996, according to CNN.
18. In 1983, which person was the first to offer a definition of the term ‘computer virus’?
    • The first person to offer a definition of the term “computer virus” was Fred Cohen in 1983.
19. What is the World Wide Web?
    • The World Wide Web (WWW) is a system of interlinked hypertext documents and multimedia content that is accessed via the internet. It allows users to navigate between different websites using web browsers.
20. What is the website’s code for the country United Kingdom?
    • The website code for the United Kingdom is .uk.
21. What is a MAC?
    • A MAC (Media Access Control) address is a unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communications on a local network.
22. This virus activated every Friday the 13th, affects both .EXE and .COM files, and deletes any programs run on that day. What is the name of that virus?
    • The virus is called the Friday the 13th virus.
23. A program that neither replicates or copies itself but does damage or compromises the security of the computer. Which ‘computer virus’ is it?
    • This is a “Trojan Horse” (or simply a Trojan), which appears as a legitimate program but carries out harmful actions without self-replication.
24. What is the website’s code for the country New Zealand?
    • The website code for New Zealand is .nz.
25. Which Intel chip was the first to support a 32-bit bus architecture?
    • The first Intel chip to support a 32-bit bus architecture was the Intel 80386.
26. What does ECP stand for?
    • ECP stands for Extended Capabilities Port, which is a type of parallel port used for high-speed data transfer.
27. The first graphical browser for the WWW was named:
    • The first graphical web browser was called Mosaic, released in 1993.
28. What is RISC?
    • RISC stands for Reduced Instruction Set Computer, a CPU design philosophy that focuses on simplifying the instructions for faster execution.
29. What does ICMP stand for?
    • ICMP stands for Internet Control Message Protocol, which is used by network devices to send error messages and operational information indicating success or failure in communication.

1. What is FMD?
   • FMD stands for Foot and Mouth Disease. However, in the context of computing, FMD could also refer to Flash Memory Drive or Fault Management Database, depending on the context. Let me know if you are referring to a specific context so I can provide more detailed information.
2. Which of these is a documented hoax virus?
   • A well-known documented hoax virus is the “Good Times” virus, which was a widely circulated email warning in the 1990s claiming that a virus would be activated by opening an email with the subject line “Good Times.” It was a hoax and did not actually exist.
3. What does SSL stand for?
   • SSL stands for Secure Sockets Layer, a protocol used to establish encrypted links between web servers and browsers, ensuring secure data transmission over the internet. It has been succeeded by TLS (Transport Layer Security), but the term SSL is still commonly used.
4. What is a URL?
   • URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator, which is the web address used to access resources on the internet, such as websites or files. An example of a URL is https://www.example.com.
5. The Central Processing Unit is an embedded chip that acts as the ‘brains’ of a computer. What Intel chip was used in the Altair (the first real personal computer)?
   • The Altair 8800, often considered the first real personal computer, used the Intel 8080 microprocessor.
6. What is a NIC?
   • NIC stands for Network Interface Card, a hardware component that allows a computer to connect to a network, such as a local area network (LAN) or the internet.
7. The Internet was developed in the…
   • The Internet was developed in the 1960s and 1970s. It originated as ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), a project funded by the U.S. Department of Defense. ARPANET was the first network to use the TCP/IP protocol, which laid the foundation for the modern Internet.